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To cut through some of the confusion surrounding bitcoin, we need to separate it into two components. On the one hand, you have bitcoin-the-token, a snippet of code that represents ownership of an electronic concept kind of like a digital IOU. On the other hand, you've got bitcoin-the-protocol, a dispersed network which maintains a ledger of balances of bitcoin-the-token.
The system enables payments to be sent between users without passing through a central authority, such as a bank or payment gateway. It's made and kept electronically. Bitcoins arent printed, for example dollars or euros theyre produced by computers all around the world, using free software.
It was the very first instance of what we call cryptocurrencies, a growing asset class that shares some characteristics of traditional currencies, with verification based on cryptography.
A pseudonymous software programmer going by the name of Satoshi Nakamoto suggested bitcoin in 2008, as an electronic payment system based on mathematical proof. The idea was to generate a means of exchange, independent of any central authority, which could be transferred electronically in a secure, verifiable and immutable manner.
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Bitcoin can be utilized to pay for things electronically, if the two parties are willing. In that sense, its like conventional dollars, euros, or yen, that can also be traded digitally.
Bitcoins most important characteristic is it is decentralized. No single institution controls the bitcoin network. It is maintained by a group of volunteer coders, and run by an open network of committed computers spread around the globe. This brings individuals and groups that are uncomfortable with all the control that banks or government institutions have over their money. .
Bitcoin solves the dual spending issue of electronic currencies (in which digital assets can readily be copied and re-used) through an ingenious combination of cryptography and economic incentives. In electronic fiat currencies, this function is fulfilled by banks, which gives them control over the traditional system. With bitcoin, the integrity of the transactions is maintained by a distributed and open network, owned by no-one. .
Fiat currencies (dollars, euros, yen, etc.) have an unlimited supply central banks can issue as many as they want, and can attempt to manipulate a currencys value relative to other people. Holders of the currency (and notably citizens with little alternative) bear the cost.
Even though senders of traditional electronic payments are usually identified (for verification purposes, and to blog comply with anti-money laundering and other legislation), users of bitcoin in concept function in semi-anonymity. Since there is no central validator, users do not need to identify themselves when sending bitcoin to another user. When a transaction request is submitted, the protocol checks all prior transactions to confirm that the sender has the necessary bitcoin as well as the authority to send them.
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In practice, each user is identified by the address of their wallet. Transactions can, with some effort, be monitored this way. Also, law enforcement has developed approaches to identify users if necessary.
Additionally, most exchanges are required by legislation to perform identity checks on their customers before they're allowed to purchase or sell bitcoin, facilitating another way that bitcoin usage can be monitored. Since the network is transparent, the advancement of a specific transaction is visible to all.
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This is because there's no central adjudicator that can say ok, return the money. When a transaction is recorded on the network, and when more than an hour has passed, then it is not possible to modify.
Even though this might disquiet some, it will mean that any transaction on the bitcoin network cannot be tampered with.
The smallest unit of a bitcoin is called a satoshi. It is one hundred millionth of a bitcoin (0.00000001) in todays prices, about one hundredth of a cent. This may conceivably enable microtransactions that traditional electronic money cannot.
Read more to find out how bitcoin transactions are processed and the way bitcoins are mined, what it can be used for, as well as how you can buy, sell and save your bitcoin. We also explain a few alternatives to bitcoin, as well as the way official website its underlying technology the blockchain works. .
If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this manual is for you. It'll explain how the system operates, how you can use it for your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also direct you to sources which will enable you to shop and use your first pieces of digital currency.